fix: use mTLS transport for outbound A2A calls to Google endpoints

src/google/adk/a2a/_compat.py

@@ -562,6 +562,25 @@ def agent_card_url(
     return getattr(card, "url", None)
 
 
+def rewrite_agent_card_url(
+    card: AgentCard, rewriter: Callable[[str], str]
+) -> None:
+  """Rewrites the RPC URL(s) on an AgentCard in place using ``rewriter``.
+
+  Applies ``rewriter`` to each RPC URL the card exposes, mirroring
+  ``agent_card_url``. 1.x rewrites every ``supported_interfaces[i].url``; 0.3.x
+  rewrites the top-level ``url``.
+  """
+  if IS_A2A_V1:
+    for iface in card.supported_interfaces or []:
+      if iface.url:
+        iface.url = rewriter(iface.url)
+  else:
+    existing = getattr(card, "url", None)
+    if existing:
+      card.url = rewriter(existing)
+
+
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Stream-item normalization
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

src/google/adk/agents/remote_a2a_agent.py

@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@
 from ..flows.llm_flows.contents import _is_other_agent_reply
 from ..flows.llm_flows.contents import _present_other_agent_message
 from ..flows.llm_flows.functions import find_matching_function_call
+from ..utils._async_mtls_transport import create_google_auth_mtls_transport
+from ..utils._mtls_utils import effective_googleapis_endpoint
 from .base_agent import BaseAgent
 
 __all__ = [
@@ -148,6 +150,7 @@ def __init__(
       full_history_when_stateless: bool = False,
       config: Optional[A2aRemoteAgentConfig] = None,
       use_legacy: bool = True,
+      enable_google_auth_mtls: bool = False,
       **kwargs: Any,
   ) -> None:
     """Initialize RemoteA2aAgent.
@@ -171,6 +174,13 @@ def __init__(
       config: Optional configuration object.
       use_legacy: If false, send request to the server including the extension
         indicating that the server should use the new implementation.
+      enable_google_auth_mtls: If True and no ``httpx_client`` is supplied, the
+        agent builds its default HTTP client on a google-auth mutual-TLS
+        transport. This is required to reach Google-hosted A2A endpoints with
+        Agent Identity, whose access tokens are cryptographically bound to the
+        mTLS channel and are rejected (401) over a plain connection. Ignored
+        when a client is provided or when mTLS cannot be negotiated (falls back
+        to a plain client).
       **kwargs: Additional arguments passed to BaseAgent
 
     Raises:
@@ -199,6 +209,7 @@ def __init__(
     self._a2a_request_meta_provider = a2a_request_meta_provider
     self._full_history_when_stateless = full_history_when_stateless
     self._config = config or A2aRemoteAgentConfig()
+    self._enable_google_auth_mtls = enable_google_auth_mtls
 
     if not use_legacy:
       if self._config.request_interceptors is None:
@@ -220,12 +231,37 @@ def __init__(
           f"got {type(agent_card)}"
       )
 
+  async def _create_default_httpx_client(self) -> httpx.AsyncClient:
+    """Creates the default HTTP client owned by this agent.
+
+    When ``enable_google_auth_mtls`` is set and the resolved agent card points at
+    a Google endpoint, the client is built on a google-auth mutual-TLS transport
+    so channel-bound (Agent Identity) access tokens are accepted. Falls back to a
+    plain client when mTLS is not requested or cannot be negotiated.
+    """
+    timeout = httpx.Timeout(timeout=self._timeout)
+    if self._enable_google_auth_mtls and self._agent_card is not None:
+      target_url = _compat.agent_card_url(self._agent_card)
+      if target_url:
+        # A channel-bound token is only honored on the mTLS endpoint
+        # (*.mtls.googleapis.com); presenting it to the standard endpoint still
+        # 401s. Resolve to the mTLS endpoint and bind both the transport and the
+        # A2A client to it. effective_googleapis_endpoint is a no-op for
+        # non-Google hosts and when GOOGLE_API_USE_MTLS_ENDPOINT=never.
+        mtls_url = effective_googleapis_endpoint(str(target_url))
+        transport = await create_google_auth_mtls_transport(mtls_url)
+        if transport is not None:
+          if mtls_url != str(target_url):
+            _compat.rewrite_agent_card_url(
+                self._agent_card, effective_googleapis_endpoint
+            )
+          return httpx.AsyncClient(transport=transport, timeout=timeout)
+    return httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=timeout)
+
   async def _ensure_httpx_client(self) -> httpx.AsyncClient:
     """Ensure HTTP client is available and properly configured."""
     if not self._httpx_client:
-      self._httpx_client = httpx.AsyncClient(
-          timeout=httpx.Timeout(timeout=self._timeout)
-      )
+      self._httpx_client = await self._create_default_httpx_client()
       self._httpx_client_needs_cleanup = True
       if self._a2a_client_factory:
         self._a2a_client_factory = _compat.rebind_client_factory_httpx(

src/google/adk/integrations/agent_registry/agent_registry.py

@@ -579,6 +579,9 @@ def get_remote_a2a_agent(
           agent_card=agent_card,
           description=agent_card.description,
           httpx_client=httpx_client,
+          enable_google_auth_mtls=_resolve_a2a_mtls_opt_in(
+              httpx_client, _compat.agent_card_url(agent_card)
+          ),
       )
 
     name = self._clean_name(agent_info.get("displayName", agent_name))
@@ -621,6 +624,7 @@ def get_remote_a2a_agent(
         agent_card=agent_card,
         description=description,
         httpx_client=httpx_client,
+        enable_google_auth_mtls=_resolve_a2a_mtls_opt_in(httpx_client, url),
     )
 
 
@@ -637,17 +641,64 @@ def _use_client_cert_effective() -> bool:
     return use_client_cert_str == "true"
 
 
-def _get_agent_registry_base_url(client_cert_source: Any | None = None) -> str:
-  """Returns the base URL based on mTLS configuration and cert availability."""
+def _mtls_endpoint_setting() -> _MtlsEndpoint:
+  """Returns the GOOGLE_API_USE_MTLS_ENDPOINT setting, defaulting to AUTO."""
   use_mtls_endpoint_str = os.getenv(
       "GOOGLE_API_USE_MTLS_ENDPOINT", _MtlsEndpoint.AUTO.value
   ).lower()
   try:
-    use_mtls_endpoint = _MtlsEndpoint(use_mtls_endpoint_str)
+    return _MtlsEndpoint(use_mtls_endpoint_str)
   except ValueError:
-    use_mtls_endpoint = _MtlsEndpoint.AUTO
+    return _MtlsEndpoint.AUTO
+
+
+def _get_agent_registry_base_url(client_cert_source: Any | None = None) -> str:
+  """Returns the base URL based on mTLS configuration and cert availability."""
+  use_mtls_endpoint = _mtls_endpoint_setting()
   if (use_mtls_endpoint is _MtlsEndpoint.ALWAYS) or (
       use_mtls_endpoint is _MtlsEndpoint.AUTO and client_cert_source is not None
   ):
     return AGENT_REGISTRY_MTLS_BASE_URL
   return AGENT_REGISTRY_BASE_URL
+
+
+def _should_use_google_auth_mtls(url: str | None) -> bool:
+  """Whether outbound A2A calls to `url` should use a google-auth mTLS transport.
+
+  Google context-aware access policies (Agent Identity) bind access tokens to an
+  mTLS channel, so a Google-hosted A2A endpoint must be reached over mTLS or it
+  rejects the bound token with a 401. This gates that behavior to Google
+  endpoints when a client certificate is configured and mTLS is not opted out.
+  """
+  return bool(
+      url
+      and _is_google_api(url)
+      and _use_client_cert_effective()
+      and _mtls_endpoint_setting() is not _MtlsEndpoint.NEVER
+  )
+
+
+def _resolve_a2a_mtls_opt_in(
+    httpx_client: httpx.AsyncClient | None, url: str | None
+) -> bool:
+  """Decides whether the RemoteA2aAgent should build a google-auth mTLS client.
+
+  A caller-supplied `httpx_client` is never overridden, but if mTLS would
+  otherwise be required for this endpoint, a plain client will have its
+  channel-bound (Agent Identity) token rejected with 401 UNAUTHENTICATED — so
+  warn loudly instead of failing silently.
+  """
+  if not _should_use_google_auth_mtls(url):
+    return False
+  if httpx_client is not None:
+    logger.warning(
+        "A custom httpx_client was supplied for the Google A2A endpoint %s"
+        " while mTLS client certificates are configured. The supplied client"
+        " will be used as-is; if it does not present the client certificate,"
+        " channel-bound credentials (e.g. Agent Identity) will be rejected"
+        " with 401 UNAUTHENTICATED. Omit httpx_client to let ADK build an"
+        " mTLS-capable client automatically.",
+        url,
+    )
+    return False
+  return True

src/google/adk/tools/mcp_tool/mcp_session_manager.py

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 import sys
 import threading
 from typing import Any
-from typing import AsyncIterator
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Dict
 from typing import Optional
@@ -37,25 +36,7 @@
 import urllib.parse
 
 import google.auth
-import google.auth.credentials
-from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
 import httpx
-
-try:
-  from google.auth.aio.credentials import Credentials as AsyncCredentials
-  from google.auth.aio.transport.sessions import AsyncAuthorizedSession
-
-  _AIO_SUPPORTED = True
-except ImportError:
-
-  class AsyncCredentials:  # pylint: disable=g-bad-classes
-    pass
-
-  class AsyncAuthorizedSession:  # pylint: disable=g-bad-classes
-    pass
-
-  _AIO_SUPPORTED = False
-
 from mcp import ClientSession
 from mcp import SamplingCapability
 from mcp import StdioServerParameters
@@ -77,6 +58,11 @@ class AsyncAuthorizedSession:  # pylint: disable=g-bad-classes
 
 from ...features import FeatureName
 from ...features import is_feature_enabled
+from ...utils._async_mtls_transport import _AIO_SUPPORTED
+from ...utils._async_mtls_transport import _GoogleAuthAsyncTransport
+from ...utils._async_mtls_transport import _RefreshableAsyncCredentials
+from ...utils._async_mtls_transport import _SharedAsyncTransport
+from ...utils._async_mtls_transport import AsyncAuthorizedSession
 from .session_context import SessionContext
 
 logger = logging.getLogger('google_adk.' + __name__)
@@ -371,130 +357,6 @@ async def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
   return wrapper
 
 
-class _RefreshableAsyncCredentials(AsyncCredentials):
-  """Adapter to refresh sync credentials asynchronously."""
-
-  def __init__(
-      self,
-      creds: google.auth.credentials.Credentials,
-      target_host: str | None = None,
-  ):
-    super().__init__()
-    self._creds = creds
-    self._target_host = target_host
-    self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
-
-  async def before_request(
-      self,
-      _request: Any,
-      _method: str,
-      url: str,
-      headers: dict[str, str],
-  ) -> None:
-    if self._target_host:
-      parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
-      if parsed_url.netloc != self._target_host:
-        logger.debug(
-            'Skipping token injection for redirect to %s', parsed_url.netloc
-        )
-        return
-
-    if any(k.lower() == 'authorization' for k in headers):
-      logger.debug('Authorization header already present, not overwriting')
-      return
-
-    async with self._lock:
-      await asyncio.to_thread(self._refresh_sync)
-    if self._creds.token:
-      headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self._creds.token}'
-
-  def _refresh_sync(self) -> None:
-    if self._creds.expired or not self._creds.token:
-      self._creds.refresh(Request())
-
-
-class _GoogleAuthAsyncByteStream(httpx.AsyncByteStream):
-  """Adapter to bridge google-auth Response.content with httpx.AsyncByteStream."""
-
-  def __init__(self, auth_response: Any):
-    self._auth_response = auth_response
-
-  async def __aiter__(self) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
-    async for chunk in self._auth_response.content():
-      yield chunk
-
-  async def aclose(self) -> None:
-    await self._auth_response.close()
-
-
-class _GoogleAuthAsyncTransport(httpx.AsyncBaseTransport):
-  """Adapter to bridge google-auth AsyncAuthorizedSession with httpx.AsyncBaseTransport."""
-
-  def __init__(self, auth_session: Any):
-    self._auth_session = auth_session
-
-  async def handle_async_request(
-      self, request: httpx.Request
-  ) -> httpx.Response:
-    content = await request.aread()
-    headers_dict = dict(request.headers)
-
-    timeout_val = 30.0
-    if request.extensions and 'timeout' in request.extensions:
-      timeout_dict = request.extensions['timeout']
-      if 'read' in timeout_dict and timeout_dict['read'] is not None:
-        timeout_val = timeout_dict['read']
-
-    if request.headers.get('accept') == 'text/event-stream':
-      # google-auth-aio translates timeout to aiohttp ClientTimeout(total=timeout).
-      # For SSE streams, we disable the total timeout (setting it to 0.0) to
-      # prevent aiohttp from forcibly closing the stream after sse_read_timeout.
-      timeout_val = 0.0
-
-    auth_response: Any = await self._auth_session.request(
-        method=request.method,
-        url=str(request.url),
-        data=content if content else None,
-        headers=headers_dict,
-        timeout=timeout_val,
-    )
-
-    # google-auth-aio uses aiohttp internally, which automatically handles
-    # decompression and decodes chunked transfer encoding, but leaves the
-    # headers intact. We must strip these headers so httpx doesn't attempt
-    # to decompress or parse chunked framing again on the raw stream.
-    response_headers = {
-        k: v
-        for k, v in auth_response.headers.items()
-        if k.lower()
-        not in ('content-encoding', 'content-length', 'transfer-encoding')
-    }
-
-    return httpx.Response(
-        status_code=auth_response.status_code,
-        headers=response_headers,
-        stream=_GoogleAuthAsyncByteStream(auth_response),
-    )
-
-  async def aclose(self) -> None:
-    await self._auth_session.close()
-
-
-class _SharedAsyncTransport(httpx.AsyncBaseTransport):
-  """Wrapper transport that prevents the wrapped transport from being closed."""
-
-  def __init__(self, transport: httpx.AsyncBaseTransport):
-    self._transport = transport
-
-  async def handle_async_request(
-      self, request: httpx.Request
-  ) -> httpx.Response:
-    return await self._transport.handle_async_request(request)
-
-  async def aclose(self) -> None:
-    pass
-
-
 def _create_mtls_client_factory(
     mtls_transport: httpx.AsyncBaseTransport,
 ) -> CheckableMcpHttpClientFactory: