From 040939c1801144df5b006a0746870c3b848b2c27 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Md Mushfiqur Rahim <20mahin2020@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 01:37:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] fix: treat top-level keys in pytest.toml as pytest config
 (#14638)

---
 src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py |  9 ++++++++-
 testing/test_config.py          | 14 ++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py b/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py
index e74546c6e28..987cf062e5f 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py
@@ -106,8 +106,15 @@ def load_config_dict_from_file(
             raise UsageError(f"{filepath}: {exc}") from exc
 
         # pytest.toml and .pytest.toml use [pytest] table directly.
+        # Top-level non-table keys are also treated as pytest config,
+        # since the filename already identifies the context and TOML
+        # sections are optional.
         if filepath.name in ("pytest.toml", ".pytest.toml"):
-            pytest_config = config.get("pytest", {})
+            top_config = {
+                k: v for k, v in config.items()
+                if not isinstance(v, dict)
+            }
+            pytest_config = {**top_config, **config.get("pytest", {})}
             if pytest_config:
                 # TOML mode - preserve native TOML types.
                 return {
diff --git a/testing/test_config.py b/testing/test_config.py
index 7886610242d..22f3ee6540d 100644
--- a/testing/test_config.py
+++ b/testing/test_config.py
@@ -217,6 +217,20 @@ def test_empty_pytest_toml(self, pytester: Pytester, name: str) -> None:
         config = pytester.parseconfig()
         assert config.inipath == pytest_toml
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("name", ["pytest.toml", ".pytest.toml"])
+    def test_headerless_pytest_toml(self, pytester: Pytester, name: str) -> None:
+        """Top-level keys in pytest.toml are treated as pytest config (#14638)."""
+        pytester.path.joinpath(name).write_text(
+            textwrap.dedent(
+                """
+            minversion = "9.0"
+        """
+            ),
+            encoding="utf-8",
+        )
+        config = pytester.parseconfig()
+        assert config.getini("minversion") == "9.0"
+
     def test_pytest_toml_trumps_pyproject_toml(self, pytester: Pytester) -> None:
         """A pytest.toml always takes precedence over a pyproject.toml file."""
         pytester.makepyprojecttoml(

From 3747b47a3c9197166a26e54a4033893f762f0489 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Jun 2026 01:37:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci
---
 src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py | 5 +----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py b/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py
index 987cf062e5f..9677cc65a06 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/config/findpaths.py
@@ -110,10 +110,7 @@ def load_config_dict_from_file(
         # since the filename already identifies the context and TOML
         # sections are optional.
         if filepath.name in ("pytest.toml", ".pytest.toml"):
-            top_config = {
-                k: v for k, v in config.items()
-                if not isinstance(v, dict)
-            }
+            top_config = {k: v for k, v in config.items() if not isinstance(v, dict)}
             pytest_config = {**top_config, **config.get("pytest", {})}
             if pytest_config:
                 # TOML mode - preserve native TOML types.