diff --git a/java/src/main/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessor.java b/java/src/main/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessor.java
index 9bf4e99c03..2717fe5834 100644
--- a/java/src/main/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessor.java
+++ b/java/src/main/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessor.java
@@ -127,6 +127,24 @@ public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> annotations, RoundEnvironment
                     }
                 }
             }
+
+            // Validate blank @CopilotToolParam descriptions (exempt single-record wrappers)
+            boolean isSingleRecordWrapper = schemaParameters.size() == 1 && isRecord(schemaParameters.get(0).asType());
+            for (VariableElement param : schemaParameters) {
+                if (isSingleRecordWrapper && param.equals(schemaParameters.get(0))) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                CopilotToolParam paramAnnotation = param.getAnnotation(CopilotToolParam.class);
+                if (paramAnnotation != null && paramAnnotation.value().isBlank()) {
+                    TypeElement enclosingClass = (TypeElement) method.getEnclosingElement();
+                    processingEnv.getMessager().printMessage(Diagnostic.Kind.ERROR,
+                            "@CopilotToolParam on parameter '" + param.getSimpleName() + "' in '"
+                                    + enclosingClass.getSimpleName() + "." + method.getSimpleName()
+                                    + "' has a blank value (description). "
+                                    + "Descriptions are required so the LLM can correctly select and invoke the tool",
+                            param);
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         // Group methods by enclosing type
diff --git a/java/src/test/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessorTest.java b/java/src/test/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessorTest.java
index c2bda9f9ad..e557ffdd0b 100644
--- a/java/src/test/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessorTest.java
+++ b/java/src/test/java/com/github/copilot/tool/CopilotToolProcessorTest.java
@@ -189,6 +189,106 @@ public String search(@CopilotToolParam(value = "Search input", required = false,
                 "Expected compile error for single-record wrapper metadata overrides, got: " + result.diagnostics);
     }
 
+    // ── Test: Blank @CopilotToolParam description validation ────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    void emitsError_forBlankParamDescription() {
+        String source = """
+                package test;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotTool;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotToolParam;
+                public class BlankDescTools {
+                    @CopilotTool("Search for items")
+                    public String searchItems(@CopilotToolParam("") String query) {
+                        return "results for " + query;
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+
+        CompilationResult result = compileWithProcessor(List.of(inMemorySource("test.BlankDescTools", source)));
+
+        assertTrue(hasErrorContaining(result, "blank value (description)"),
+                "Expected compile error for blank @CopilotToolParam description, got: " + result.diagnostics);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void emitsError_forWhitespaceOnlyParamDescription() {
+        String source = """
+                package test;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotTool;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotToolParam;
+                public class WhitespaceDescTools {
+                    @CopilotTool("Search for items")
+                    public String searchItems(@CopilotToolParam("   ") String query) {
+                        return "results for " + query;
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+
+        CompilationResult result = compileWithProcessor(List.of(inMemorySource("test.WhitespaceDescTools", source)));
+
+        assertTrue(hasErrorContaining(result, "blank value (description)"),
+                "Expected compile error for whitespace-only @CopilotToolParam description, got: " + result.diagnostics);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void compilesSuccessfully_forValidParamDescription() {
+        String source = """
+                package test;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotTool;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotToolParam;
+                public class ValidDescTools {
+                    @CopilotTool("Search for items")
+                    public String searchItems(@CopilotToolParam("Search query") String query) {
+                        return "results for " + query;
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+
+        CompilationResult result = compileWithProcessor(List.of(inMemorySource("test.ValidDescTools", source)));
+
+        assertNoErrors(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void compilesSuccessfully_forParamWithoutAnnotation() {
+        String source = """
+                package test;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotTool;
+                public class NoAnnotationTools {
+                    @CopilotTool("Search for items")
+                    public String searchItems(String query) {
+                        return "results for " + query;
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+
+        CompilationResult result = compileWithProcessor(List.of(inMemorySource("test.NoAnnotationTools", source)));
+
+        assertNoErrors(result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void doesNotEmitBlankError_forSingleRecordWrapperWithDefaultAnnotation() {
+        String source = """
+                package test;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotTool;
+                import com.github.copilot.tool.CopilotToolParam;
+                public class RecordWrapperTools {
+                    public record SearchArgs(String query, int limit) {}
+                    @CopilotTool("Search for items")
+                    public String search(@CopilotToolParam SearchArgs args) {
+                        return args.query();
+                    }
+                }
+                """;
+
+        CompilationResult result = compileWithProcessor(List.of(inMemorySource("test.RecordWrapperTools", source)));
+
+        assertFalse(hasErrorContaining(result, "blank value (description)"),
+                "Single-record wrapper should be exempt from blank description check, got: " + result.diagnostics);
+    }
+
     // ── Test: Return type handling ──────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     @Test